zhuyongxin
3956426c97
新增 6 个知识库文档，用于测试 L0+L1 混合检索功能： API 类： - payment-errors.md - 支付网关错误码定义 领域知识类： - spring-ai-tool-best-practices.md - Spring AI 工具定义最佳实践 基础设施类： - redis-config.md - Redis 缓存配置指南 - mysql-connection-pool.md - MySQL 连接池配置 - flyway-best-practices.md - Flyway 数据库迁移最佳实践 故障排查类： - fault-diagnosis-process.md - 故障诊断流程规范 所有文档均包含： - 标准 frontmatter 元数据 (title, keywords, summary, category) - 实用配置示例和代码片段 - 支持 L0 精确匹配的关键词
100 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
100 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: MySQL 数据库连接池配置
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keywords: [MySQL, HikariCP, 连接池, 数据库, 性能优化]
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summary: MySQL 连接池的配置参数、性能调优和故障排查指南
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category: infrastructure
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---
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# MySQL 数据库连接池配置
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## HikariCP 配置
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### 基础配置
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```yaml
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spring:
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datasource:
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url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/superbiz_agent?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
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username: root
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password: password
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driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
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hikari:
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maximum-pool-size: 10
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minimum-idle: 5
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connection-timeout: 30000
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idle-timeout: 600000
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max-lifetime: 1800000
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```
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## 关键参数说明
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### maximum-pool-size
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- **默认值**：10
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- **建议值**：根据并发量调整
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- **公式**：connections = ((core_count * 2) + effective_spindle_count)
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- **注意**：不是越大越好，过大会增加数据库负担
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### connection-timeout
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- **默认值**：30000ms (30秒)
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- **说明**：等待连接的最大时间
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- **建议**：根据业务超时要求调整
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### idle-timeout
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- **默认值**：600000ms (10分钟)
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- **说明**：连接空闲多久后被释放
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- **建议**：小于 MySQL wait_timeout
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## 常见问题
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### 连接泄漏
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**症状**：
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- 应用无法获取数据库连接
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- 日志显示 "Connection is not available"
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**排查**：
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```java
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// 检查是否有未关闭的连接
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try (Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection()) {
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// 使用连接
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} // 自动关闭
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```
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**解决**：
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- 使用 try-with-resources
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- 检查事务是否正常提交/回滚
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### wait_timeout 超时
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**症状**：MySQL 错误 "The last packet successfully received from the server was X milliseconds ago"
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**排查**：
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```sql
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SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'wait_timeout';
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```
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**解决**：
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```yaml
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hikari:
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max-lifetime: 1800000 # 小于 MySQL wait_timeout
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```
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## 性能监控
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### HikariCP 指标
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```java
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HikariPoolMXBean poolMXBean = hikariDataSource.getHikariPoolMXBean();
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int active = poolMXBean.getActiveConnections();
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int idle = poolMXBean.getIdleConnections();
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int total = poolMXBean.getTotalConnections();
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```
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### 慢查询监控
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```sql
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-- 开启慢查询日志
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SET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 'ON';
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SET GLOBAL long_query_time = 2;
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-- 查看慢查询
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SELECT * FROM mysql.slow_log ORDER BY start_time DESC LIMIT 10;
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```
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